"There is no history
written at the time of Jesus Christ is said to have lived that speaks of the
existence of such a person, even such a man."
Thomas Paine, The Complete
Works of Thomas Paine, Calvin Blanchard, ed, p 234
"Historically is it
quite doubtful whether Christ ever existed at all, and if He did we know
nothing about Him."
"I cannot myself feel
that either in the matter of wisdom or in the matter of virtue Christ stands
quite as high as some other people known in history. I think I should put Buddha and Socrates
above Him in those respects."
Bertrand Russell, Why I
Am Not a Christian, The Basic Writings of Bertrand Russell
15He said* to them, “But
who do you say that I am?” Jesus Christ,
Who Jesus is, is absolutely
core to Christianity. If Jesus was not
God, and was not resurrected then we might as well all go home. We will examine the truths and see what is
true.
Four Modern Views of
Christ.
Jesus'
Humanity
Docetism teaches that Jesus
was not a man. He was a spirit who only
gave the illusion of flesh
What are the problems with
this view.?
His Development
Matt. 1:18, 20;
His Affections
Matt. 4:2 He hungered
Matt. 26:38 expressed sorrow
His Death
Jesus'
Deity
Who did Jesus claim to
be?
i.
Matt. 8:2 a
leper worships Him
ii.
Matt. 9:18 a ruler
knelt before Him
iii.
Matt. 14:33
after he stilled the storm he accepted the statement of the disciples
"Truly you are the Son of God".
iv.
Matt. 15:25 a
group of Canaanite women worship Him
v.
Matt. 20:20 The
Mother of James and John.
vi.
vii.
viii.
What Did the Disciples
Say About Him?
“I am trying here to prevent
anyone saying the really foolish things that people often say about Him: “I’m
ready to accept Jesus as a great moral teacher, but I don’t accept His claim to
be God.” That is one thing we must not
say. A man who was merely a man and said
the sort of things Jesus said would not be a great moral teacher. He would rather be a lunatic – on the level
with the man who says he is a poached egg – or else he would be the Devil of
Hell.”
C.S. Lewis, Mere
Christianity, pp. 55-56
What Evidences to Jesus
Give to Support His Claims?
i.
Rejection. (Isa.
53:3;
ii.
Silence before
His accusers. (Isa. 53:7; Matt.
27:12-19)
iii.
Being
mocked. (Ps. 22:7-8; Matt. 27:31)
iv.
Piercing His
hands and feet. (Ps. 22:16;
v.
Crucified
between two thieves. (Isa. 53:12; Matt.
27:38)_
vi.
Praying for His
persecutors. (Isa. 53:12;
vii.
Piercing His
side. (Zech. 12:10;
viii.
Buried in a rich
man’s tomb. (Isa. 53:9; Matt. 27:57-60)
ix.
Lots cast for
His garments. (Ps. 22:18;
All these prophecies were
written hundreds and even thousands of years before Christ yet all came true
unfailingly. What are the odds of this
being a pure random event? The
probability for sixteen prophecies coming true is
i.
He would not
undergo decay Ps. 16:8-11,
ii.
iii.
Messiah’s death
Ps. 22; Isa. 53
iv.
Messiah’s
enduring political reign from
i.
ii.
Matt. 12:40
iii.
iv.
v.
I Corinthians
15:3-5 – This is probably the earliest N.T. creed.
i.
Jesus was not
drugged to give the appearance of death.
He turned down the common painkiller given to crucifixion victims in
ii.
“Volumetric
Shock” from loss of blood would have put Jesus into critical condition upon the
cross.
1.
2.
3. The Roman soldiers led Him away and had their mocking
fun. Maybe with a game of “hot hand”
further traumatizing his face and leading to more loss of blood. They also jammed a cross of thorns down on
his head.
4. He carried the heavy patabulum or cross member and
didn’t have the strength to even do that as the soldiers called another one,
Simon, to carry His cross.
5. The crucified Him with a nail through each
wrist. The nails were 5” to 7” long and
about 3/8” square. They pierced the
wrist just below the palm severing the median nerve and Ulnar Artery. One 9” to 12” nail was hammered through both
ankles as the feet were place together and turned on their side. This also severed major nerves and
arteries.
6. This started what was called “The Dance of
Death”. In the hanging position with the
arms extended the victim could only inhale causing a CO2 buildup and
asphyxiation feelings. To exhale they
needed to force themselves up on the nail in the ankle. The circulatory shock would cause
excruciating cramps in the major muscles and force the collapse. The victim would rise and fall again for days
in this grim fight to breath.
7.
8. This spear thrust pierced through the rib cage and
into the lung and heart. The blood and
water that came out was an indication of congestive heart failure with the
pleural fluids being released, which looked like water and then the blood from
the heart itself. If Jesus wasn’t dead
yet this spear thrust would have insured it.
Remember, these hardened Roman soldiers were experts at what they were
doing and knew death when they saw it.
iii.
Joseph of
Arimanthea and Nicodemus took Jesus’ body.
They put Him in Joseph’s tomb and put about 100 lbs of spices in the
grave wrappings and rolled a stone in front that could have weighed 500 to 1000
lbs.
i.
Alternate
theories
1. Stolen body.
Matt. 28:11-15
a. How did they know it was the disciples if they were
asleep?
b. Discipline of Roman soldiers would preclude anybody
such as a frightened and disillusioned disciple from stealing the body and
building some incredible false religion upon such a hoax.
c. Dr. Hugh Shonfield, The Passover Plot. Joseph of Arimathea was instructed by Jesus
to steal the body and start the ball rolling.
All the sightings later were mistaken identity or hysteria. The disciples were hoaxed as were all people
up to this day.
d. Psychology of disciples was such that there was no
question they had seen the risen Lord.
They went to their deaths, sometime under extreme torture, convinced
they knew the risen One. Christianity since
that time has been much more than in intellectual assent, but an inward working
the Spirit that demolishes such weak theories.
2. The Authorities took the body.
a. Makes no sense.
To quiet the disciples when they came back about 2 months later all they
would have to do was produce the body.
3. Wrong Tomb theory or Never visited Tomb theory
a. Ditto the answer above.
4. I’ve never heard of any man being resurrected (or
some such variant)
a. Wrong question.
The question is not rather anyone else was resurrected but rather is Jesus
was resurrected.
ii.
12 Resurrection
Appearances.
1. To Mary Magdalene (John 20:11)
2. To the other women (Matt. 28:9-10)
3. To Peter (Luke 24:34)
4. To two disciples (Luke 24:13-32)
5. To ten apostles (Luke 24:33-49)
6. To Thomas and other apostles (John 20:26-30)
7. To seven apostles (John 21)
8. To all the apostles (Matt. 28:16-20)
9. To all the apostles (Acts 1:4-9)
10. To 500 brethren (I Cor. 15:6)
11. To James (I Cor. 15:7)
12. To Paul (I Cor. 15:8)
Is
Jesus Teaching
1. Jesus vs. Moses
a. Moses
i.
Duet. 18:15-19
Moses prophesied the coming messiah.
ii.
Gen. 3:15 Moses
predicted a coming ruler.
b. Jesus
i.
ii.
Rom. 3:20 states
that the Law is unable to save us, but in vs. 24 it says salvation is through
Jesus.
iii.
Heb. 3:5-6
compares Jesus and Moses
iv.
Moses miracles
were inferior to Jesus
v.
Jesus claimed to
be God, Moses did not.
vi.
Jesus was
resurrected, Moses was not.
2. Jesus vs. Mohammad
a. Mohammad
i.
The Koran agrees
with the Bible up to Ishmael.
ii.
Six doctrines of
Islam
1. Allah is the one and true God.
2. Allah sent out Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and
Mohammad as prophets. Mohammad is the
greatest prophet.
3. The Koran is the supreme religious book, taking
precedent over the Law, the Prophets, the Psalms and the “Injil” or evangel of
Jesus.
4. There are many intermediate beings (angels) between
God and man, some of whom are good and some evil.
5. Each man’s deeds will be weighed on a balance to
determine if he will go to heaven or hell.
a. Reciting the Sahadah several times a day. “There is
no God but Allah, and Mohammad is His prophet.”
b. Prayer facing
c. A month of fasting at Ramadan each year.
d. Almsgiving
e. And at least once in a life the Haij or pilgrimage to
6. Kismet or fate.
A kind of fatalistic determinism.
b. Jesus
i.
Jesus offers a
sure way of Salvation. I Peter 3:18
ii.
Jesus offered a
superior way of life. Mohammad’s last
ten years of life were in warfare.
iii.
Jesus offers
superior miracles. Mohammad miracles do
not compare in scope, nor compassion or goodness, nor power.
iv.
Jesus claimed to
be God. Not Mohammad.
v.
Jesus was
resurrected, not Mohammad.
3. Jesus vs. Hinduism
a. Hinduism
i.
Cannot be
generalized as there are many sects and differences of opinion.
ii.
Gurus – Teachers
essential to Hinduism cannot be read but must be taught by Gurus.
iii.
Gurus are
considered Holy and worship even after their death.
iv.
Man is caught in
an endless cycle of reincarnation (samsara), which is brought on my karma (the
sum of all actions, words and deeds in this life and all past lives.)
v.
Liberation
(moksha) is when the self (atman) expands his being and becomes one with or the
same as Brahman (the One absolute being or force from which all else proceeds.
vi.
This moksha is
only achieved by the following practices.
1. Jnana Yoga – Salvation by knowledge of the ancient
writings (Upanishads) and inward meditation.
2. Bhakti Yoga – Salvation by devotion to one of the 8
million Hindu deities.
3. Karma Yoga – Salvation by works, such a ceremonies,
sacrifices, fasting, and pilgrimages, which must be done without thought of any
reward.
4. Raja Yoga – the practice of control over the body,
breathing and thoughts.
vii.
Hinduism history
– About 2000 B.C. the tribes living in the
b. Jesus
i.
Teaches a
superior worldview. Theism is superior
to pantheism / polytheism. Ultimate
morality is superior to dualism. Grace
is superior to Karma. Resurrection is
superior to reincarnation.
ii.
Karma says let
suffering people suffer and thus fulfill their Karma. Jesus says love those in need and help them.
I
iii.
Jesus is
superior in spiritual enlightenment.
1. Gurus are necessary to understand the Upanishads and
the Bhagavad-Gita, but the Bible can be understood by anyone.
2. Christian meditation fills our mind with Christ. Hindu meditation tries to empty the mind.
3. The Hindu is lost in the karmic cycle of
reincarnation with none to help and no grace to intervene. Jesus promised Salvation through Him and
that we would know it is guaranteed.
Eph. 1:13-14; I
4. Jesus vs. Buddha
a. Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha is a title meaning
‘enlightened one”) was born around 560 B.C.
He was born into a well off family and until his early 20’s didn’t
realize everyone was not so privileged.
Seeing the great suffering in the World and seeing the extremes of
Hinduism didn’t answer his questions he started Buddhism.
i.
Life is
suffering.
ii.
Suffering is
caused by desired for pleasure and prosperity.
iii.
Suffering can be
overcome by eliminating desires.
iv.
Desire can be
eliminated by the eight-fold path.
1. Right Knowledge (Four noble truths above)
2. Right intentions
3. Right speech
4. Right conduct (no killing, no drinking, no stealing,
lying or adultery.
5. Right
mindfulness (denial of the finite self)
6. Right meditation (Raja Yoga)
7. Right effort
8. Right occupation (none of which causes suffering)
b. Jesus teaches hope in life not suffering. Buddhism teaches the eradication of
self. Jesus taught life is a gift from
God to be full and rich
c. Jesus teaches a better way of salvation. Buddhism teaches reincarnation and karma as a
way of salvation. However the self or
individuality of the soul is eradicated at the end of each life so it is not
even you who goes on into the next life.
You have no hope of attaining nirvana.
Jesus promised hope to the individual in
d. Jesus teaches His own deity. Gautama made no such claim.
5. Jesus vs. Socrates
a. Socrates teachings and life
i.
Socrates didn’t
leave any writings, but Plato his disciple left much about him.
ii.
Plato presents
Socrates as a man convinced God had appointed to the task of promoting truth
and goodness by making men examine their words and deeds to see it they were
true and good.
iii.
Vice was looked
as being merely ignorance.
iv.
He is credited
with being the first man to recognize the need to develop a systematic approach
to discovering truth. Aristotle, Plato’s
disciple finally formulated the system.
v.
He was falsely
accused by leaders threatened by his methods and could have been acquitted if
he had not made the leaders examine their lives, which they were unwilling to
do.
vi.
He died contented
that he had fulfilled his mission and that death was good whatever it was.
b. Jesus superior basis of truth.
i.
Jesus also made
men examine themselves, but his basis was rooted in the fact that He is the
all-knowing God. As God He is also the
standard by which all goodness is measured.
Jesus was the very truth and goodness that Socrates wanted to examine.
c. Jesus gave a more certain knowledge of the truth.
i.
While Socrates
taught many true principles, he was left to speculate on important issues, such
as what happens at death. Jesus has the
answers about all things Socrates simple couldn’t arrive at with reason.
d. Jesus death was more noble.
i.
Socrates died
for a cause and did so with courage.
ii.
However Jesus
gave his life as a ransom for many. (
e. Jesus proof of His message is superior.
i.
Rational proofs
are good when there are good reasons for their conclusions. But Socrates cannot support his claim of
being sent by God by anything even closely matching the miracles or
resurrection of Jesus.
6. Jesus vs. Lao-Tzu (Taoism)
a. Taoism
i.
Modern Taoism is
a threefold religion of witchcraft, superstition and polytheism. But it is being presented in the west today
as a philosophy with its central idea being the Tao.
ii.
The Tao is a
world of conflicting opposites, the yin and yang, good and evil, man and woman,
light and dark, yes and no and on and on.
The world appears to be a conflict of the yin and yang, but the ultimate
truth is that they are perfectly balanced.
iii.
To understand
the Tao is to understand that all opposites are one and that truth lies in
contradiction, not in resolution.
iv.
Man should enter
a life of complete passiveness and reflection on such questions like “what is
the sound of one hand clapping?” or “If a tree falls in the forest when no one
is around does it make a sound?” One
should be at peace with nature and practice no violence. There are many similarities to Zen Buddhism.
b. Christ is superior in the freedom He brings to man.
i.
Jesus allows man
to be reasonable. It is impossible to
say, “Reason does not apply to reality” because the statement itself is a
reasonable statement. You would have to
use reason to prove reason invalid.
Truth is not only reasonable but it says “Love the Lord your God with
all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind.” Matt.
22:37. In the O.T. God even says, “Come
let us reason together.”
ii.
Jesus allows the
freedom to choose. Taoism asks man to
put his will on the shelf. Jesus says
man has a choice and that that choice makes all the difference in the world. Man can believe or not believe (John 3:18) he
can obey or disobey (15:14) they can change the world or be changed by the
world. (Matt. 5:13-16)
iii.
Taoism only
offers a way to resign oneself to the way things are. Christ offers a way to change both who we are
and what we are, so we might know the joys of life. We are more than conquerors, we are
overcomers.